Situated in East and Central Asia, Mongolia is a landlocked country bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east, and west. Known for its vast rugged landscapes, it's one of the highest countries in the world, with an average elevation of 1,580 meters above sea level.
Mongolia's rich history dates back to the Mongol Empire, founded by Genghis Khan in 1206, which became the largest contiguous land empire in world history. Following the collapse of the empire, Mongolia underwent a series of political transformations, eventually establishing itself as a democratic nation in 1992.
The country's climate is characterized by extreme fluctuations, with long cold winters and brief summers. The terrain is varied, with the Gobi Desert in the south, forested mountains in the north and west, and grassy steppes in central and eastern areas.
Mongolia's tourism industry is rapidly growing, with visitors drawn to its historical sites, nomadic culture, and natural beauty. Key attractions include the capital city of Ulaanbaatar, with its mix of modern and traditional architecture, the Gobi Desert, known for its dinosaur fossils, and the Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Despite its modernization, the country retains many of its traditional customs, including nomadic herding and the ancient sport of horse racing, which are celebrated during the annual Naadam festival. This mix of tradition and progress makes Mongolia a fascinating destination for travelers worldwide.
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